ALTERNATIVE MONEY INITIATIVES BY COUNTRY
Many different systems ... all over the world
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Circular Economy ... Metrics
Lost Value Costing of Trash Builds a Bridge to the Circular Economy ... The value of the commodities embedded in your solid waste stream determine the price you pay for disposal.
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Open file 12153
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Open external link
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JWT Report: The-Circular-Economy-140620
A JWT Report coordinated by JAMIE BUTTERWORTH, CEO, Ellen MacArthur Foundation, STEFAN SEIDEL,deputy head, Puma SAFE Global; team head, Puma SAFE Ecology and KYLE WIENS, co-founder and CEO, iFixit
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Ideas/JWT/JWT_The-Circular-Economy-140620.pdf'
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Open PDF ... JWT_The-Circular-Economy-140620
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Norden ... Nordic Council of Ministers ... 2014
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Norden ... Nordic Council of Ministers ... 2014
Moving towards a circular economy – successful Nordic business models
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Circular-Economy/Norden-Successful-Nordic-Business-Models.pdf'
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Open PDF ... Norden-Successful-Nordic-Business-Models
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Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-Towards-the-Circular-Economy-vol1
A 98 page report ... In the face of sharp volatility increases across the global economy and proliferating signs of resource depletion, the call for a new economic model is getting louder. In the quest for a substantial improvement in resource performance across the economy, businesses have started to explore ways to reuse products or their components and restore more of their precious material, energy and labour inputs. The time is right, many argue, to take this concept of a ‘circular economy’ one step further, to analyse its promise for businesses and economies, and to prepare the ground for its adoption.
'../../DBpdfs/Circular-Economy/Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-Towards-the-Circular-Economy-vol1.pdf'
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Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-Towards-the-Circular-Economy-vol1
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Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation - Circular Economy 100 (CE100)
Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-The-Circular-Economy-9-Dec-2015
TOWARDS A CIRCULAR ECONOMY: BUSINESS RATIONALE FOR AN ACCELERATED TRANSITION
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/ORGS/EllenMacArthurFoundation/Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-The-Circular-Economy-9-Dec-2015.pdf'
| Open PDF ...
Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-The-Circular-Economy-9-Dec-2015
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Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation
https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy/overview/concept
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Biocomposites with Size-Fractionated Biocarbon: Influence of the Microstructure on Macroscopic Properties
Vidhya Nagarajan,†,‡ Amar K. Mohanty,*,†,‡ and Manjusri Misra†,‡
ABSTRACT: This study is an experimental investigation of using biocarbon as renewable carbonaceous filler for engineering-plastic-based blends. Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) combined with a terpolymer were selected as the blend matrix. Biocarbon with various particle size ranges was segregated and used as filler. Depending on the particle size and aspect ratio of the biocarbon used, the microstructure of the composite was found to change. Composites having a biocarbon particle size range of 20−75 μm resulted in a morphology showing better dispersion of the blend components when compared with composites containing other biocarbon particle size ranges. Furthermore, the addition of epoxy-based multifunctional chain extender was found to result in much finer morphologies having dispersed polymer particles of very small size. Impact strength increased significantly in composites that possessed such morphologies favoring high energy dissipation mechanisms. A maximum notched Izod impact strength of 85 J/m was achieved in certain composite formulations, which is impressive considering the inherent brittleness of PTT and PLA. From rheological observations, incorporation of biocarbon increased viscosity, but the shear-thinning behavior of the matrix was preserved. By increasing the injection mold temperature, fast crystallization of PTT was achieved, which increased the heat deflection temperature of composites to 80 °C. This study shows that composites with overall improvement in mechanical and thermal performance can be produced by selecting biocarbon with appropriate particle sizes and suitable processing aids and conditions, which all together control the morphology and crystallinity.
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'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Materials/Biocomposites/acsomega.6b00175.pdf'
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Open PDF ... acsomega.6b00175.pdf
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https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6b00175#
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Open PDF
Open external link
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TVM ... Accounting, Analysis and Reporting for the The Circular Economy
(1) All the Capitals: The first principle is that the accounting, analysis and reporting should reflect impact on ALL the capitals ... that is on Human Capital, on Natural Capital and Created Capital where Created Capital reflects all of the systems and structures that have been built using human creativity and initiative. These include Financial Capital, Physical Capital and Intangible Capital like Knowledge, Institutional Structures, Legal systems, Security, etc.
(2) Money is the unit of account for Financial Capital, and is for all transactions using money as a medium of exchange.
(3) A set of TVIA units of account are used to account for transactions that impact all the other capitals.
(4) The idea of circularity can be used to improve the PERFORMANCE of PROCESS.
(5) PROGRESS is measured by comparing STATE in the past with the current STATE.
(6) TVIA units of account are compatible for a variety of different reporting units:
... ORGANIZATIONS (Complex Groups)
... ORGANIZATIONS (SMEs)
... ORGANIZATIONS (NGOSs and not for profits)
... ORGANIZATIONS (Governments / Governmental Agencies)
... INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS
... PLACES
... INDIVIDUAL PEOPLE and FAMILIES
... PRODUCTS
... PROCESSES
... PROJECTS / PROGRAMS
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Progress towards getting advantage from the Circular Economy
Some of the ideas of the Circular Economy has been talked about for many years. There has been more adoption of the ideas of the Circular Economy in the past few years than in the more distant past, but the adoption is still slow and most major companies still operate on the basis that profit and investor wealth is more important than impact on society and impact on the environment.
TPB note: Without metrics along the lines of TVIA it is difficult for decision makers to make the right decisions and for there to be accountability. Without metrics there can be a lot of talk without much real progress.
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Connecting corporate and societal value creation
From a Report by KPMG in 2014
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A New Vision of Value
Value creation is the goal of all companies, but corporate value creation is not always aligned with value creation for society as a whole.
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/impact-accounting/KPMG-A-New-Vision-of-Value-2014.pdf'
| Open PDF ...
KPMG-A-New-Vision-of-Value-2014
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Sector
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Revenues (R)
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Environmental Costs (EC)
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EC as % of R
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Airlines
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22.00
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11.44
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52%
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Automobiles
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153.00
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33.66
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22%
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Beverages
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35.28
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11.44
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42%
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Chemicals
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100.00
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43.00
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43%
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Electricity
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223.00
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194.01
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87%
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Food Producers
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89.00
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199.36
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224%
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Industrial metals
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97.00
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68.87
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71%
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Marine Transportation
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26.00
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15.34
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59%
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Mining
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134.00
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85.76
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64%
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Oil and Gas Producers
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670.00
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154.10
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23%
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Telecommunications and Internet
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482.00
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12.05
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2.5%
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The 7 Pillars of the Circular Economy
According to this Metabolic construct:
1. Materials are cycled at continuous high value.
2. All energy is based on renewable sources.
3. Biodiversity is supported and enhanced through all human activities.
4. Human society and culture are preserved.
5. The health and wellbeing of humans and other species is supported.
6. Human activities generate value in measures beyond just financial.
7. The economic system is inherently adaptable and resilient.
TVIA Note: These 7 pillars are not inconsistent with the thinking that has informed the design of the TVIA system. It should be noted that while many of the processes in the socio-enviro-economic system have the potential for circularity, the passage of time is linear, and progress is all about things being better as time passes.
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Open file 12869
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518 515
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735 447
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1390 1190
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1348 838
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571 530
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1023 1705
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735 447
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1221 512
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800 470
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Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation
Advocating powerfully for the Circular Economy
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Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-FinanCE-2016
The fast-changing global context is our starting point. In a world increasingly dominated by new technologies
and shifts in demographics and the global economy, new challenges arise. One is how to cope with the legacy
of a linear economy, in which products are consumed and largely get turned into waste, diminishing the stock
of non-renewable natural resources. A more circular economy that creates economic value is also an answer to
the resource challenge, both because it is a more effective system that the linear economy and mitigates its risks
whilst creating positive capital-building opportunities.
PART I In the first part of the report we describe the context, provide a systematic framework in which money is one of
the enablers of the transition to a circular economy, and lay out our ambition as a financial sector in contributing
to this transition.
PART II In the second part of the report we focus on three important components of the financial perspective of the
transition to a more circular economy:
- First are the changes we see in business models that accompany circular ways of working. The
report analyses various case studies of circular economy businesses to determine the concrete
financial impacts of going circular.
- Second is a deep dive into the financial considerations of circular economy businesses, covering risks
and opportunities and the detailed consequences for revenue and cost structures, cash flows, balance
sheets and financing requirements.
- Third are the macroeconomic consequences of circular economy business models being more widely
adopted. This extends the assessment of the circular economy approach beyond the commercial
considerations of individual businesses. Macroeconomic analysis is an important consideration for
potential investors deciding where to invest.
PART III In the third [second] part of the report we focus on three important components of the financial perspective of Finally,
we look beyond this report. This first step, to understand the financial implications of circular economy business
models, is only the first the working group will take. The next phase, to assess the impact and consequences for
financial institutions themselves, is crucial: actions speak louder than words.
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Circular-Economy/Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-FinanCE-2016.pdf'
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Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-FinanCE-2016
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