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President Joe Biden shops during a visit to W.S. Jenks & Son Tuesday, March 9, 2021, in Washington, D.C. (Official White House Photo by Adam Schultz) Original article: https://www.alternet.org/2021/11/modern-economy-inflation/ Burgess COMMENTARY Slowly ... there seem to be better articles being written about inflation now than a few weeks ago. However, the general understanding of inflation in particular and the function (or disfunction) of the economic system is surprisingly poor. This essay goes some way to get a more accurate view of how the socio-enviro-economic system works, and for this I am grateful to the author and collaborators. I have always found it helpful to understand the underlying cost accounting in the business sector. Back in the 1970s after the 1973 oil shock, all operating costs that had any connection with energy increased substantially. Before 1973 a barrel of crude oil was priced at $3.50 but after the oil embargo the OPEC price jumped to $13.50. After stabilizing a while the price jumped again in the late 1970s to more than $30 a barrel. For a country like the USA with a very energy intensive economy, this was a disaster and profits evaporated during this period. In the period since around 1980, the structure of the US economy has changed significantly. This has been enabled by some important technological developments especially the emerging digital computation and communications infrastructure. Rather little has changed in terms of energy use in many essential industries like steel, concrete and transport ... but a whole lot has changed in terms of labor cost inputs that were substantial when production was based in the USA, but much lower when overseas. While the US economy has been weak in terms of wage employment, ethe economies of Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Thailand and China have been in boom mode for around four decades! The US can still boast about having the biggest national GDP in the world, even though China is catching up fast. This statistic hides the fact that the GDP metric reflects consumption that is strong and growing together with wage earnings which have been declining. Back in the early 1980s about 50% of people had an income less than the average, and 50% had an income more than the average, but in recent years this has changed so that now around 80% of people have wages lower than the average and only 20% have wages higher than the average. Another way of looking at the unsatisfactory economic state of affairs in the USA is to consider the increase in household wealth where a relatively few households have seem their wealth reach stratospheric levels while most households have experienced a decline in houseuld wealth. All of this is a systemic problem ... with powerful actors making most of their moves in ways that enhance the status quo which is fundamentally disfunctional for most of the population. Peter Burgess | ||
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Why the modern economy is to blame for inflation — not government benefits
Sonali Kolhatkar and Independent Media Institute November 18, 2021 Headlines are screaming that inflation is here to stay. Consumer prices have risen by an average of 6.2 percent in the past year, the sharpest increase since 1991. Although Americans are supposedly—in the words of the New York Times—'flush with cash and jobs,' they are also deeply unhappy with the state of the economy. It's no wonder Republicans are thrilled and are drawing a line between inflation, public anxiety about the economy, and Joe Biden's presidency. What is surprising is that President Biden himself is helping them by citing his administration's achievement of putting more money into people's pockets as part of the explanation for the current spike in inflation. In a November 10 speech, Biden said, 'You all got checks for $1,400. You got checks for a whole range of things,' and with the patience of an academic teaching an Economics 101 class, he went on to explain, 'Well, with more people with money buying product and less product to buy, what happens? … Prices go up.' The New York Post, a conservative-leaning paper, jumped on the speech, claiming that the president 'concedes his COVID stimulus checks fueled [the] spike in inflation.' The paper downplayed Biden's assertion that, 'The supply chain is the reason.' In fact, the president led his audience through a fairly clear explanation of how globalization of the economy works, has artificially driven down the cost of goods for decades, and is vulnerable to disruptions such as that caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Biden said, 'Products like smartphones often bring together parts from France, Italy; chips from the Netherlands; touchscreens from New York State; camera components from Japan—a supply chain that crosses dozens of countries.' He then concluded, 'That's just the nature of a modern economy—the world economy,' as if the massive web of consumer manufacturing was a fact of nature rather than a systematically deregulated system designed by multinational corporations to minimize the cost of materials and labor and maximize their profits. Recall that this was precisely what the anti-globalization movements of the 1990s were protesting. According to a 2007 essay by Mark Engler, protesters included, 'trade unionists, environmentalists, anarchists, land rights and indigenous rights activists, organizations promoting human rights and sustainable development, opponents of privatization, and anti-sweatshop campaigners' from all over the world who claimed that 'the policies of corporate globalization have exacerbated global poverty and increased inequality.' When Biden explained in his speech that you 'have to use wood from Brazil, graphite from India before it comes together at a factory in the United States to get a pencil,' he didn't reveal that pencil manufacturers obtain wood from Brazil because they might be relying on illegal logging of the Amazon that drives down the price of wood. Nor did he mention that the cost of transporting goods from the far reaches of the globe generate massive carbon pollution that is driving climate change. Rather than blaming globalization for inflation, he concluded it was simply 'the nature of a modern economy' that we rely on. Most media outlets missed this connection too. Instead, there is blame on the increasingly rare instances of the U.S. government ensuring people have enough money to live on. As to why Americans are so unhappy about the state of the economy? Apparently, according to Bloomberg's Ramesh Ponnuru, it is 'a frequently recurring' pattern that when wages are rising there is broad pessimism. He rightly points out that, 'Wages and benefits have been moving up smartly, but only in nominal terms,' and that, 'positive trends would have to continue before people began to register satisfaction.' Background Image Progress Bar 00:00 00:00 Go back to polls conducted even before the pandemic (such as this one in 2018, and this one in 2019) and one can find widespread malaise about the state of the economy. In other words, Americans have spent decades being disappointed with the sustained suppression of wages and the trend of increasingly insecure jobs in the so-called 'gig economy.' This may be why record numbers of people are continuing to resign in spite of their despair over the economy. The latest Bureau of Labor Statistics report found that a record 4.4 million workers resigned from their jobs in September alone, continuing a trend from August. In addition to workers searching for jobs with better wages, the Washington Post concluded that the resignation trend is also linked to 'problems finding child care.' But if conservative Republicans have their way, you'll see assertions that Americans are deeply unhappy about the government spending money on them and that child care subsidies and stimulus checks are at the root of the mass gloom—all readymade talking points to win back political power in the next election cycle in order to rein in spending. This kind of conservative messaging includes claims that Biden 'doesn't understand just how bad inflation is hurting Americans,' and '[i]f congressional Democrats don't stop Biden and Pelosi's plan, a lot of Americans won't be able to pay their heating bills this winter,' as is said in an advertisement by the conservative Club for Growth, aimed at vulnerable House Democrats. Conservative Democrat Senator Joe Manchin of West Virginia is making similar connections to justify his stymying of Biden's proposals to expand government assistance. The liberal Democrats' answer to the current economic crisis is not much better, advising either that people wait out inflation, or claiming that demand for better wages fuels inflation. Larry Summers, former economic adviser to the Obama administration, wrote earlier this year that, 'Higher minimum wages, strengthened unions, increased employee benefits and strengthened regulation are all desirable, but they, too, all push up business costs and prices.' Summers echoed a Republican assertion that jobless benefits were bad for the economy, saying, 'Unemployment benefits enabling workers to earn more by not working than working should surely be allowed to run out in September.' The prevailing message to Americans from political elites across the spectrum is the same one that Biden spelled out in his speech: 'That's just the nature of a modern economy,' and we have to deal with it. A better takeaway from our current economic situation is that there is nothing natural about being at the mercy and whims of an economy designed by corporate profiteers for corporate profiteers. Sonali Kolhatkar is the founder, host and executive producer of 'Rising Up With Sonali,' a television and radio show that airs on Free Speech TV and Pacifica stations. She is a writing fellow for the Economy for All project at the Independent Media Institute. This article was produced by Economy for All, a project of the Independent Media Institute. FROM YOUR SITE ARTICLES
| The text being discussed is available at | https://www.alternet.org/2021/11/modern-economy-inflation/ and |