Burgess COMMENTARY

Peter Burgess

http://carbonmajors.org/

https://youtu.be/Uz0TYcSFo3w




Scientists could use this data to zoom in on the relationship between extracting fuels and changing the climate… that’s an exciting prospect -- Michael MacCracken, chief scientist, Climate Institute

Methods & Results Rpt (MRR) and Worksheets research

The Methods and Results Report (MRR) is a comprehensive discussion of the methodology, process of gathering and analyzing the production data, and estimating the emissions for each Carbon Major entity. The MRR was written by Richard Heede (Principal of Climate Mitigation Services), peer-reviewed by experts in the carbon inventory field, and published on 7 November [...]

New Study Traces Two-Thirds of Industrial Emissions to Just 90 Institutions

New peer-reviewed research has found that just 90 entities are responsible for extracting most of the fossil fuels that have been burned over the past 150 years. These “carbon majors” include 50 investor-owned companies, such as Chevron and Exxon-Mobil, 31 state-owned companies, such as Saudi Aramco and Pemex, and nine government-run industries in the former [...]

Welcome to the Carbon Majors Website

The Carbon Majors website is based on ground-breaking research on 90 entities (investor-owned, state-owned, and government-run fossil fuel and cement producers) that are responsible for producing the fuels that have resulted in 63 percent of the global cumulative emissions of industrial carbon dioxide and methane between 1751 and 2010. To download and read the Carbon [...]
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http://carbonmajors.org/gpi-methods-results-rpt-mrr-and-worksheets/

Methods & Results Rpt (MRR) and Worksheets research The Methods and Results Report (MRR) is a comprehensive discussion of the methodology, process of gathering and analyzing the production data, and estimating the emissions for each Carbon Major entity. The MRR was written by Richard Heede (Principal of Climate Mitigation Services), peer-reviewed by experts in the carbon inventory field, and published on 7 November 2013. The MRR was commissioned and funded by Greenpeace International (Amsterdam) and Climate Justice Programme (Sydney). The worksheets available below constitute the details each entity’s production of oil & NGLs, natural gas, coal, and cement from as early as 1854 to 2010, as well as additional sources of emissions (such as vented CO2, flared CO2, own fuel use, and vented or fugitive methane), non-energy uses of oil, gas, and coal, emission factors for each fuel, calculation of emissions attributed to each Carbon Major producer, and several summary worksheets by fuel and for cumulative emissions by all entities. Name: Entities/ Sums/ Index of: Entities/ Name: Cement/ Coal/ Oil & Natural Gas/ Index of: Sums/ Name: Ancillary/ Cement Sums/ Coal Sums/ Gas Sums/ Oil Sums/ Sums/ Index of: Entities/Cement/ Name: Cemex 4p.pdf China NS 4p.pdf Heidelberg 4p.pdf Holcim 4p.pdf Italcementi 2p.pdf Lafarge 2p.pdf Taiheiyo 4p.pdf Index of: Entities/Coal/ Name: Alpha 2p.pdf AngloAmerican 6p.pdf Arch 2p.pdf BHP Billiton 4p.pdf British Coal 2p.pdf China 6p.pdf ChinaCoalEnergyCO (excl) 2p.pdf CoalIndia 6p.pdf Consol 4p.pdf Cyprus 2p.pdf CzechRepublic NS 4p.pdf ExxonMobil coal 2p.pdf FSU NS 4p.pdf Kazakhstan NS 4p.pdf Kiewit 2p.pdf Luminant 2p.pdf Massey 4p.pdf Murray 2p.pdf NorthAmerican 2p.pdf NorthKorea NS 4p.pdf Occidental IslandCreek 2p.pdf Peabody 4p.pdf Pittsburgh&Midway_ChevronMining 2p.pdf Poland NS 4p.pdf RAG 4p.pdf RioTinto 4p.pdf RoyalDutchShell 2p.pdf RussianFederation NS 4p.pdf RWE 2p.pdf Sasol 2p.pdf Singareni 4p.pdf UK Coal 2p.pdf Ukraine NS 4p.pdf Westmoreland 4p.pdf Xstrata 2p.pdf Index of: Entities/Oil & Natural Gas/ Name: AbuDhabi 6p.pdf Anadarko 4p.pdf Apache 2p.pdf Bahrain 4p.pdf BG Group 2p.pdf BHP Billiton 4p.pdf BP 10p.pdf Canadian NR 2p.pdf Chevron 10p.pdf CNOOC 2p.pdf ConocoPhillips 10p.pdf Continental 4p.pdf Devon 4p.pdf EcoPetrol 4p.pdf Egyptian GP 4p.pdf Encana 2p.pdf ENI 4p.pdf ExxonMobil 14p.pdf FSU 4p.pdf Gazprom 6p.pdf Hess 4p.pdf Husky 2p.pdf IraqNOC 4p.pdf Kerr-McGee (Anadarko) 2p.pdf KuwaitPC 6p.pdf LibyaNOC 4p.pdf Lukoil 4p.pdf Marathon 4p.pdf MurphyOil 4p.pdf National Iranian 4p.pdf Nexen 4p.pdf NigerianNPC 6p.pdf NorskHydro 2p.pdf Occidental 4p.pdf Oil&GasIndia 6p.pdf OMV 2p.pdf PDOman 6p.pdf PDVSA 6p.pdf Pemex 4p.pdf Pertamina 6p.pdf Petrobras 4p.pdf PetroChina 8p.pdf Petronas 6p.pdf PolishOilGas 2p.pdf Qatar 4p.pdf Repsol 4p.pdf Rosneft 4p.pdf RoyalDutchShell 10p.pdf SaudiAramco 8p.pdf Sinopec 4p.pdf Sonangol 4p.pdf Sonatrach 4p.pdf Statoil 6p.pdf Suncor 4p.pdf Syrian 4p.pdf Talisman 2p.pdf Total 4p.pdf Unocal 4p.pdf XTO (acq XOM) 2p.pdf Yukos 2p.pdf Index of: Sums/Ancillary/ Name: Ancillary CoalCH4 12p.pdf Ancillary EntityScopes 32p.pdf Ancillary Flaring&Venting 16p.pdf Ancillary NonCO2Data 10p.pdf Ancillary Oil&GasCH4 18p.pdf Index of: Sums/Cement Sums/ Name: Cement GrossEmissions 6p.pdf Cement ProcessEmissions 6p.pdf IndustryData 6p.pdf USGS World&USProd 2p.pdf Index of: Sums/Coal Sums/ Name: Coal CarbonCoefficient 8p.pdf Coal Emissions 10p.pdf Coal NonEnergyUses 6p.pdf Coal Production 8p.pdf Index of: Sums/Gas Sums/ Name: Gas EmissionFactorCalc 6p.pdf Gas Emissions 8p.pdf Gas NonEnergyUses 4p.pdf Gas Production 8p.pdf Index of: Sums/Oil Sums/ Name: Oil EmissionFactorCalc 6p.pdf Oil Emissions 8p.pdf Oil NonEnergyUses 10p.pdf Oil Production 8p.pdf Index of: Sums/Sums/ Name: 2010 Alpha 3p.pdf 2010 Rank 3p.pdf Sum Alpha 6p.pdf Sum Rank 8p.pdf SumSum 1751-2010 12p.pdf inShare Post navigation← New Study Traces Two-Thirds of Industrial Emissions to Just 90 Institutions
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New Study Traces Two-Thirds of Industrial Emissions to Just 90 Institutions CarbonMajorsImage1 New peer-reviewed research has found that just 90 entities are responsible for extracting most of the fossil fuels that have been burned over the past 150 years. These “carbon majors” include 50 investor-owned companies, such as Chevron and Exxon-Mobil, 31 state-owned companies, such as Saudi Aramco and Pemex, and nine government-run industries in the former Soviet Union, China and other countries. Downloadable high resolutions graphics and visualizations are available here for media. Press Release: For Immediate Release – Contact: Lynsy Smithson-Stanley, lsmithsonstanley@climatenexus.org, 646-559-8284 or Aaron Huertas, ahuertas@ucsusa.org, 202-331-5458 New Study Traces Two-Thirds of Industrial Emissions to Just 90 Institutions November 21, 2013 — New peer-reviewed research has found that just 90 entities are responsible for extracting most of the fossil fuels that have been burned over the past 150 years. These “carbon majors” include 50 investor-owned companies, such as ChevronTexaco and Exxon-Mobil, 31 state-owned companies, such as Saudi Aramco and Pemex, and nine government-run industries in the former Soviet Union, China and other countries. Emissions from burning these fuels total nearly two-thirds of all the carbon that has been emitted into the atmosphere during the industrial era. Researcher Rick Heede spent eight years combing through the publicly available data at the heart of the analysis. A paper was just published in the journal Climatic Change. “This opens the books on where the industrial sources of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere ultimately came from,” Heede said. “This is the most complete picture we have of which institutions extracted coal, oil and natural gas and when. These are the companies and institutions that have created the products — used as intended — by billions of consumers that have led to persistently higher levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane.” In many cases, multinational companies have extracted more than most countries. The top ten carbon majors include ChevronTexaco, Exxon-Mobil, BP and Royal Dutch Shell, along with government-run industries in the former USSR, China and Poland, as well as the nationally owned Saudi Aramco, Gazprom and the National Iranian Oil Company. Investor owned entities comprised 315 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent, while government-run industries, contributed 312 gigatonnes. State-owned companies produced 288 gigatonnes. The largest investor-owned producers weigh heavily in the analysis. The top 20 produced fuels that comprised 29.5 percent of emissions, while the top 10 account for 15.8 percent. Five ‘oil majors,’ ChevronTexaco, ExxonMobil, BP, Shell, and ConocoPhillips account for a total of 181 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide over the past 130 years, amounting to 12.5 percent of total carbon emitted to the atmosphere. Most of the top producers primarily extract oil. Coal producers Coal India and Peabody Energy rank eleventh and twelfth, respectively. The list also includes a handful of cement producers. “When you can trace the lion’s share of humanity’s carbon emissions from fossil fuel use since the invention of the steam engine to a few dozen companies that have produced those carbon fuels, the story becomes more powerful than just looking at emissions on a country-by-country basis,” Heede explained. “You can look at this as coming from seven billion people or two hundred countries, or you can look at it as coming from these institutions, the heads of which could all fit on a bus together.” Heede’s analysis accounts for the complicated partnerships, mergers, and changes in ownership that have occurred over the past century and a half. Heede says he also had to be careful to avoid double-counting extraction since companies often rely on subsidiaries or contractors to drill and produce fuels. Further, the study only counted carbon from entities that extracted enough fuel to produce 8 megatons worth of potential emissions in a given year. Heede’s data could open up new opportunities to investigate the impacts that burning these fuels have had — and will continue to have — on the climate. “Scientists could use this data to zoom in on the relationship between extracting fuels and changing the climate,” said Dr. Michael MacCracken, chief scientist for climate change programs at the Climate Institute. “That’s an exciting prospect since most current studies necessarily have to take a broad brush view of emissions by country.” Harvard science historian Naomi Oreskes noted that Heede’s research points to an evolving trend in climate science. “Many people argue that ‘we are all responsible for climate change.’ But this research shows that’s a misleading statement, because some of us have used and profited from fossil fuels much more than others,” Oreskes said. “This study gives us some data to jump-start a discussion that more accurately addresses the responsibility issue.” Heede has previously published emissions inventories for non-governmental organizations, universities and businesses. He holds a master’s degree in geography from the University of Colorado. Heede’s research was initially supported by Friends of the Earth and has received additional support from the Climate Justice Programme, Greenpeace International, and the Union of Concerned Scientists. Heede’s full methodology report, which Climatic Change did not have space for, is available on his website, carbonmajors.org, along with an executive summary and a suite of graphics produced by Carbon Visuals.