COMMENTARY

Peter Burgess

Muhammad Ali Pasha to Mohamed Mursi: Egypt's modern rulers

Brotherhood man Mohamed Mursi is declared Egypt's 16th head of state in the modern era; Ahram Online provides a rundown of who came before

On the day Egyptians finally hear the identity of their next president, here's a recap of the 15 men who ruled the country since Muhammed Ali Pasha laid the groundwork for modern Egypt in the early 19th century.

1. Muhammad Ali Pasha (1805 – 1848)

1. Muhammad Ali Pasha

2. Ibrahim Pasha (1848 – 848)

Ibrahim Pasha

3. Abbas Helmy I (1848 – 1854)

Abbas Helmy I

4. Saeed Pasha (1854 – 1863)

Saeed Pasha

5. Ismaeel Pasha (1863 – 1879)

Ismaeel Pasha

6. Tawfiq Pasha (1879 – 1892)

Tawfiq Pasha

7. Abbas Helmy II (1892 – 1914)

Abbas Helmy II

8. Hussein Kamel (1914 – 1917)

Hussein Kamel

9. Fuad I (1917 – 1922)

Fuad I

10. Farouk I (1922 – 1952)

11. Fuad II (1952 – 1953)

Fuad II

(End of Monarchy)

12. Mohamed Naguib (1953 – 1954)

Mohamed Naguib

13. Gamal Abdel-Nasser (1954 – 1970)

Gamal Abdel Nasser

14. Anwar El-Sadat (1970 – 1981)

Anwar El-Sadat

15. Hosni Mubarak (1981 – 2011)

Hosni Mubarak

16. Mohamed Mursi (2012 – )

Mohamed Mursi